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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35754/0234-5730-2020-65-2-126-137</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-206</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кинетические параметры активации комплемента у больных пароксизмальной ночной гемоглобинурией при лечении экулизумабом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Kinetic parameters of complement activation in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria during eculizumab therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3251-0481</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тарасова</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tarasova</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тарасова Юлия Викторовна, кандидат биологических наук, доцент кафедры биологической химии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya V. Tarasova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Assistant Professor of the Department of Biological Chemistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ulyataras@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7238-729X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Климова</surname><given-names>О. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klimova</surname><given-names>O. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Климова Олеся Усмановна, врач-гематолог поликлинического отделения НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р.М. Горбачевой</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olesya U. Klimova, Hematologist, outpatient department</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lesya-shakyeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7532-6070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андреева Лариса Алексеевна, ассистент кафедры биологической химии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa A. Andreeva, Assistant of the Department of Biological Chemistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">loban.valer@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2647-6336</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Васина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vasina</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Васина Любовь Васильевна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая кафедрой биологической химии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyubov V. Vasina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Biological Chemistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lubov.vasina@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6688-5257</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галебская</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galebskaya</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галебская Людвига Вячеславовна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры биологической химии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudviga V. Galebskaya, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Biological Chemistry</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">galebskaya@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3367-4936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бабенко</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Babenko</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бабенко Елена Витальевна, заведующая отделением криоконсервирования с лабораторией оценки качества трансплантата НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р.М. Горбачевой</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Babenko, Head of Department of cryopreservation with laboratory of graft quality control</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ele2133@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9589-4136</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кулагин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulagin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кулагин Александр Дмитриевич, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры гематологии, трансфузиологии и трансплантологии </p><p>тел.: +7(812) 338 62 84; 197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander D. Kulagin, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor of the Department of Hematology, Transfusiology and Transplantation</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulagingem@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р.М. Горбачевой ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>126</fpage><lpage>137</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тарасова Ю.В., Климова О.У., Андреева Л.А., Васина Л.В., Галебская Л.В., Бабенко Е.В., Кулагин А.Д., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тарасова Ю.В., Климова О.У., Андреева Л.А., Васина Л.В., Галебская Л.В., Бабенко Е.В., Кулагин А.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tarasova Y.V., Klimova O.U., Andreeva L.A., Vasina L.V., Galebskaya L.V., Babenko E.V., Kulagin A.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/206">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/206</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Экулизумаб подавляет терминальные этапы активации комплемента и является стандартом лечения пароксизмальной ночной гемоглобинурии (ПНГ). Недостаточно стабильная ингибиция комплемента обуславливает «прорывной» внутрисосудистый гемолиз и субоптимальный ответ на терапию экулизумабом у части больных ПНГ.</p><p>Цель исследования — оценить стабильность ингибирования комплемента при лечении экулизумабом больных ПНГ с помощью тестирования кинетических параметров активации комплемента.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В исследование включены 12 больных ПНГ, длительно получающих экулизумаб (медиана — 54 мес, разброс 4–66 мес). Медиана возраста составляла 35 лет (от 22 до 68 лет), 92 % больных были лица женского пола. Медиана размера клона ПНГ составляла 96 % среди гранулоцитов. Контрольную группу составили 12 здоровых доноров (возраст 25–60 лет, женщины — 75 %). Активацию комплемента оценивали непосредственно перед очередной инфузией экулизумаба и далее — через 5 и 10 дней. Кинетические параметры (период индукции, скорость гемолиза, T50 — время, необходимое для достижения 50 % гемолиза) регистрировали отдельно для общей активности комплемента и альтернативного пути активации с использованием эритроцитов кролика (ЭК).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Параметры активации комплемента непосредственно перед очередным введением экулизумаба соответствовали выраженному торможению общей активности системы. Индукционный период был удлинен в 7 раз по сравнению с контролем (медиана 180 против 25 секунд, р &lt; 0,0001), а скорость гемолиза оказалась меньше в 28 раз (медиана 1,6 против 45,1 × 10 6 ЭК/мин, р &lt; 0,0001). Величина Т50 превышала значения контроля в 20 раз (медиана 690 против 35 секунд, р &lt; 0,0001). Параметры альтернативного пути активации комплемента были снижены в 2–3 раза по сравнению с контролем. В одном случае повторные тестирования выявили недостаточную ингибицию комплемента, что было ассоциировано с фармакокинетическим «прорывным» гемолизом. Степень дальнейшей ингибиции комплемента и тенденция к восстановлению активности существенно варьировали при динамическом тестировании на 5-й и 10-й день после инфузии экулизумаба.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Результаты исследования продемонстрировали индивидуальные различия остаточной активности комплемента у больных ПНГ, длительно получающих терапию экулизумабом. Тестирование активности комплемента обосновано при субоптимальном ответе на терапию экулизумабом и при рассмотрении коррекции терапии. Кинетическая регистрация остаточного комплемент-зависимого лизиса эритроцитов кролика демонстрирует более высокую чувствительность, чем традиционное исследование CH50.</p></sec><sec><title>Конфликт интересов</title><p>Конфликт интересов: авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.</p></sec><sec><title>Финансирование</title><p>Финансирование: исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Eculizumab inhibits the terminal steps of complement activation and is the standard treatment for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). Unstable complement inhibition causes “breakthrough” intravascular hemolysis and a suboptimal response to eculizumab therapy in some patients with PNH.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to evaluate the stability of complement inhibition in eculizumab treatment by testing the kinetic parameters of complement activation.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The study included 12 PNH patients receiving long-term eculizumab therapy (median 54 months, range 4–66 months). The median age was 35 years (from 22 to 68 years), 92 % of patients were female. The median PNH clone size was 96  % of the granulocytes. The control group consisted of 12 healthy donors (age 25–60 years, women 75 %). Complement activation was evaluated immediately prior to the next eculizumab infusion, and then again after 5 and 10 days. Kinetic parameters (induction period, hemolysis rate, T50-the time required to achieve 50  % hemolysis) were recorded separately for the total complement activity and an alternative activation pathway using rabbit red blood cells (rRBC).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The parameters of complement activation directly before the next eculizumab administration corresponded to a marked inhibition of the overall activity of the system. The induction period was extended by 7 times compared to the control (median 180 vs 25 seconds, p &lt; 0.0001), and the hemolysis rate was 28 times less (median 1.6 vs 45.1 × 106 rRBC/min, p &lt; 0.0001). The T50 value exceeded the control value by 20 times (median 690 vs 35 seconds, p &lt; 0.0001). The parameters of the alternative complement activation pathway were reduced by 2–3 times compared to the control. In one case, repeated tests revealed insuffi cient complement inhibition, which was associated with pharmacokinetic “breakthrough” hemolysis. The degree of further complement inhibition and the tendency to restore activity varied signifi cantly during dynamic testing on days 5 and 10 after eculizumab infusion.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The results of this study demonstrate individual differences in the residual activity of complement in PNH patients receiving long-term eculizumab therapy. Testing of complement activity is necessary with a suboptimal response to eculizumab therapy and when considering therapy correction. Kinetic registration of residual complement-dependent lysis of rabbit red blood cells demonstrates a higher sensitivity than the traditional CH50 study.</p></sec><sec><title>Conflict of interest</title><p>Conflict of interest: the authors declare no conflict of interest.</p></sec><sec><title>Financial disclosure</title><p>Financial disclosure: the study had no sponsorship.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>комплемент</kwd><kwd>кинетика активации</kwd><kwd>пароксизмальная ночная гемоглобинурия</kwd><kwd>экулизумаб</kwd><kwd>прорывной гемолиз</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>complement</kwd><kwd>activation kinetics</kwd><kwd>paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria</kwd><kwd>eculizumab</kwd><kwd>breakthrough hemolysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Takeda J., Miyata T., Kawagoe K., et al. 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