bloodjourГематология и трансфузиологияRussian journal of hematology and transfusiology0234-57302411-3042ООО Издательский дом «Практика»10.35754/0234-5730-2020-65-3-242-250bloodjour-229Research ArticleОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИORIGINAL ARTICLESМикробиологическая безопасность компонентов крови и эффективность мер по ее совершенствованиюMicrobial safety of blood components and effi cacy of measures for its improvementhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9802-155XВяткинаО. И.ViatkinaO. I.

Вяткина Ольга Ивановна, врач-бактериолог, заведующая лабораторией бактериологического контроля отдела управления качеством и внутреннего аудита

Olga I. Viatkina, Bacteriologist, Head the Laboratory of Bacteriological Control, Department the Quality Management and Internal Audit

baklab@blood.byhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7705-9383Потапнев М. ПМ. П.PotapnevM. P.

Потапнев Михаил Петрович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделом клеточных биотехнологий

Michael P. Potapnev, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head the Department of Cellular BioTechnologies

mpotapnev@yandex.byhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4150-282XКрасько О. В.О. В.KraskoO. V.

Красько Ольга Владимировна, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории биоинформатики

Olga V. Krasko, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Bioinformatics

krasko@newman.bas-net.byГУ «Республиканский научно-практический центр трансфузиологии и медицинских биотехнологий» Министерства здравоохранения Республики БеларусьБеларусьRepublican Scientific and Practical Center for Transfusiology and Medical BiotechnologiesBelarusГНУ «Объединенный институт проблем информатики Национальной академии наук Беларуси»БеларусьUnited Institute for Informatics Problems of the National Academy of Sciences of BelarusBelarus202020092020653251262Copyright © Вяткина О.И., Потапнев М. П М.П., Красько О. В. О.В., 20202020Вяткина О.И., Потапнев М. П М.П., Красько О. В. О.В.Viatkina O.I., Potapnev M.P., Krasko O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/229Введение

Введение. Проблема бактериальной контаминации компонентов крови сохраняется, несмотря на успехи выявления вирусного инфицирования доноров крови и  уменьшение рисков неинфекционных осложнений переливания донорской крови и ее компонентов. 

Цель

Цель: оценить динамику обнаружения микробной контаминации компонентов крови и меры по ее снижению.

Материалы и методы

Материалы и методы. Материалом исследования служили результаты микробиологических посевов компонентов крови, заготовленных в  Республиканском научно-практическом центре трансфузиологии и  медицинских биотехнологий (РНПЦ ТМБ) Минздрава Республики Беларусь в  2012–2018  гг., а  также результаты исследования содержания аэрозольных частиц размером 0,5 и 5,0 мкм в 1 м 3 воздуха и микробиологических испытаний воздуха производственных помещений отделения заготовки крови и  ее компонентов за  аналогичный период. В  работе использованы микробиологические, визуальные, статистические методы.

Результаты

Результаты. В период с 2012 по 2018 г. в РНПЦ ТМБ оценили динамику заготовки компонентов крови, отбора доз для микробиологического контроля, положительных результатов микробиологического контроля компонентов крови. Большинство положительных результатов микробиологического контроля концентратов тромбоцитов были связаны с  дозами, заготовленными из  цельной крови, но  не  полученными методом автоматического афереза. Выявлена тенденция к  уменьшению инцидентности случаев микробной контаминации эритроцитсодержащих компонентов (ЭСК) донорской крови с 1,21 (95 % ДИ 0,39–3,28) в 2012 г. до 0 (95 % ДИ 0–0,8) (р < 0,001) в 2018 г. на 100 доз ЭСК, отобранных для микробиологического анализа. Это сопровождалось повышением частоты отбора доз ЭСК для анализа и проведением в 2015–2016 гг. организационных мероприятий по повышению микробиологической чистоты воздуха рабочих помещений отделения заготовки крови.

Заключение

Заключение. Выявлено снижение в течение 2012–2018 гг. рисков бактериальной контаминации ЭСК, но не других компонентов крови за  счет проведения комплекса мер при подготовке к  аттестации по  классам чистоты производственных помещений и других организационных мероприятий.

Introduction

Introduction. The bacterial contamination of blood components represents an on-going challenge in transfusion medicine although dramatic achievements have been achieved in reducing remaining risk of viral infections of blood donors and noninfectious complications of blood transfusion.

Aim

Aim: to evaluate trends of bacterial contamination of blood components and measures for its reduction in one blood collection center in recent years.

Materials and methods

Materials and methods. The research material presented is comprised of the results of microbiological testing of blood components, collected at the Republican Center for Transfusiology & Medical BioTechnologies, during 2012–2018, as well as the data of aerosol particles 0.5 and 5.0 μm in air volume of 1 m3 and bacterial contamination of air on working areas. Both microbiological, visual, and statistical methods were used in the study.

Results

Results. The data presents results of change in rate of blood components collection, samples taken for microbial analysis, and positive bacterial cultures in Belarusian Republican Center for Transfusiology & Medical Bio Technologies in 2012–2018. As shown, there was low rate of bacterial contamination of plasma and platelet components. The positive results of bacterial contamination of platelets were attributed to doses obtained from whole blood, but not by automatic apheresis. A trend in decrease in the rate of bacterial contamination frequency (р < 0,001) was observed for red cell components from 1,21 (95 % CI 0,39–3,28) in 2012 to 0 (95 % CI 0–0,8) in 2018 per each 100 doses, taken for microbial testing. This was associated with increasing the frequency of doses taken for microbial testing and carrying out the organizational measures in 2015–2016 to reduce airborne bacterial contamination in working areas of blood collection and separation.

Conclusion

Conclusion. The risks of bacterial contamination of erythrocyte — containing, but not other blood components in the organization of blood transfusions were reduced during 2012–2018 due to certifi cation of working areas according to cleaning room classifi cation and other organizational measures.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.