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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35754/0234-5730-2020-65-3-321-334</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-235</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБМЕН ОПЫТОМ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXCHANGE OF EXPERIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Система мер, обеспечивающая безопасность трансфузий компонентов крови</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A comprehensive measures ensuring the safety of blood component transfusions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-6579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихомиров</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhomirov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тихомиров Дмитрий Сергеевич, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник научной лаборатории вирусной безопасности трансфузий крови и ее компонентов</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry S. Tikhomirov, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Viral Safety of Blood Transfusion</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tihomirovgnc@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-9379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туполева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tupoleva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туполева Татьяна Алексеевна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделом вирусологической диагностики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Tupoleva, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of Department of Virology</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-6147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуляева</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гуляева Анна Андреевна, заведующий отделением контроля крови на вирусные гепатиты, СПИД, сифилис</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Gulyaeva, Head of the Department of Blood Screening for Hepatitis, AIDS, Syphilis</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">1573@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1480-6139</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старкова</surname><given-names>О. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starkova</surname><given-names>O. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Старкова Оксана Газимагомедовна, врач КЛД отделения контроля крови на вирусные гепатиты, СПИД</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oksana G. Starkova, Pathologist, Department of Blood Screening for Hepatitis, AIDS, Syphilis</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">oksanastar2006@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-2779</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абакаров</surname><given-names>Р. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abakarov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абакаров Руслан Рамазанович, биолог отделения контроля крови на вирусные гепатиты, СПИД, сифилис</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ruslan R. Abakarov, Biologist, Department of Blood Screening for Hepatitis, AIDS, Syphilis</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arr05@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8264-6689</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликов Сергей Михайлович, кандидат технических наук, заведующий лабораторией биостатистики</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey M. Kulikov, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Head of the Laboratory of Biostatistics</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kulikov.s@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-5045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапонова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaponova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гапонова Татьяна Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель генерального директора по трансфузиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Gaponova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gaponova.tatj@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center for Hematology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>65</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>312</fpage><lpage>334</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Тихомиров Д.С., Туполева Т.А., Гуляева А.А., Старкова О.Г., Абакаров Р.Р., Куликов С.М., Гапонова Т.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Тихомиров Д.С., Туполева Т.А., Гуляева А.А., Старкова О.Г., Абакаров Р.Р., Куликов С.М., Гапонова Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tikhomirov D.S., Tupoleva T.A., Gulyaeva A.A., Starkova O.G., Abakarov R.R., Kulikov S.M., Gaponova T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/235">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/235</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Основными возбудителями инфекций с парентеральным путем передачи являются вирусы иммунодефицита человека 1-го и  2-го типов, а  также вирус гепатита В  и  вирус гепатита С. Невозможность замены донорской крови на  синтетические компоненты и  широкое распространение инфекций с  парентеральным путем передачи обусловливает актуальность повышения безопасности трансфузий.</p><p> Цель  — описать многокомпонентную систему мониторинга вирусной безопасности трансфузий компонентов донорской крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные сведения</title><p> Основные сведения. Система обеспечения безопасности трансфузий крови включает работу с  донорскими кадрами, первичный лабораторный и вирусологический скрининг, заготовку, хранение и клиническое использование компонентов донорской крови, мониторинг результатов трансфузий и  расследование случаев вероятного инфицирования. Административные меры по отбору доноров среди лиц низкого риска инфицирования повышают безопасность трансфузий еще до  донации и  этапов лабораторных исследований образцов донорской крови. Необходимым условием повышения безопасности трансфузий является дополнительное исследование образцов крови доноров на антитела к ядерному антигену вируса гепатита В. Описаны алгоритмы проведения расследования случаев первичного появления у реципиентов инфекционных маркеров, ретроспективного расследования в случае выявления маркеров вирусных инфекций у  повторного донора, а  также мониторинга вирусологического статуса больных заболеваниями системы крови с целью реализации повышения безопасности трансфузий.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV, HCV) are the major blood-borne infections. Donor blood components cannot be currently replaced with synthetic substitutes, which determines the necessity of improving the viral safety of blood component transfusions.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To describe a multicomponent system for monitoring the viral safety of donor blood component transfusions.</p></sec><sec><title>General findings</title><p> General findings. Measures ensuring the safety of blood component transfusions include the maintenance of regular communication with donors, pre-donation laboratory tests, viral screening, production, storage and clinical use of blood products, as well as monitoring of blood transfusion results. The selection of donors from low-risk behaviour groups ensures the viral safety of blood transfusion procedures at the initial stages of blood production. A necessary condition for improving the safety of transfusions is additional examination of donor blood samples for antibodies against the hepatitis B core antigen. Algorithms are described for investigating the initial occurrence of infectious markers in blood transfusion recipients, a retrospective investigation in cases where viral infection markers are identified in recurrent donors, as well as for the monitoring of the virological status of patients with blood system disorders. The implementation of these measures can increase the overall safety of blood transfusion.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>безопасность трансфузий крови</kwd><kwd>гемотрансмиссивные инфекции</kwd><kwd>вирус гепатита В</kwd><kwd>вирус гепатита С</kwd><kwd>вирус иммунодефицита человека</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>blood transfusion safety</kwd><kwd>blood-borne infection</kwd><kwd>hepatitis B</kwd><kwd>hepatitis C</kwd><kwd>Human immunodeficiency virus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Global health sector response to HIV, 2000–2015: focus on innovations in Africa: progress report. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Global health sector response to HIV, 2000–2015: focus on innovations in Africa: progress report. 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