bloodjourГематология и трансфузиологияRussian journal of hematology and transfusiology0234-57302411-3042ООО Издательский дом «Практика»10.18821/0234-5730-2016-61-3-161-163bloodjour-26Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫREVIEWS OF LITERATUREЭритроферрон как эритроидный регулятор обмена железаErythroferrone as erythroid regulator of ironhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1171-2746БудневскийА. В.BudnevskiyA. V.

394000, г. Воронеж

Voronezh, 394000

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5212-1005ЦветиковаЛ. Н.TsvetikovaL. N.

394000, г. Воронеж

Voronezh, 394000

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-3356ВоронинаЕ. В.VoroninaE. V.

394000, г. Воронеж

Voronezh, 394000

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8545-6255ОвсянниковЕ. С.OvsyannikovE. S.

Овсянников Евгений Сергеевич, кандидат мед. наук, доцент кафедры факультетской терапии 

394000, г. Воронеж

Ovsyannikov Evgeny S., MD, PhD, associate professor 

Voronezh, 394000

ovses@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6809-9743ЖусинаЮ. Г.ZhusinaYu. G.

394000, г. Воронеж

Voronezh, 394000

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9416-0010ЛабжанияН. Б.LabzhaniyaN. B.

394000, г. Воронеж

Voronezh, 394000

ГБОУ ВПО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава РоссииРоссияVoronezh State Medical University named after N.N. BurdenkoRussian FederationГБОУ ВПО «Воронежский государственный медицинский университет им. Н.Н. Бурденко» Минздрава РоссииРоссияVoronezh State Medical University named after N.N. BurdenkоRussian Federation201627022019613161163Copyright © Будневский А.В., Цветикова Л.Н., Воронина Е.В., Овсянников Е.С., Жусина Ю.Г., Лабжания Н.Б., 20192019Будневский А.В., Цветикова Л.Н., Воронина Е.В., Овсянников Е.С., Жусина Ю.Г., Лабжания Н.Б.Budnevskiy A.V., Tsvetikova L.N., Voronina E.V., Ovsyannikov E.S., Zhusina Y.G., Labzhaniya N.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/26

Железо является необходимым элементом жизнедеятельности клеток. Важнейшая роль железа определяется функциями белков, которые содержат этот биометалл: гемоглобин и миоглобин, осуществляющие транспортировку и накопление кислорода; ферменты, участвующие в процессах биологического окисления (цитохром р450); различные пероксидазы и каталазы, поддерживающие окислительно-восстановительный баланс организма. Метаболизм железа является уникальным процессом и регулируется целым рядом белков, обеспечивающих узкий безопасный диапазон содержания железа в клетках. Ключевым регулятором обмена железа на протяжении последних 10 лет считался 25-й-аминокислотный белок гепсидин. Гепсидин контролирует основные потоки распределения железа: абсорбция алиментарного железа в кишечнике, утилизация его макрофагами, фагоцитирующими старые эритроциты, и мобилизация железа из гепатоцитов. В литературе иногда встречался термин «эритроидный регулятор железа», однако долгое время нужный протеин оставался неуловимым. Предполагаемый эритроидный регулятор должен обеспечивать доставку железа в костный мозг за счет подавления экспрессии гепсидина в крови, тем самым увеличивая всасывание железа из энтероцитов и стимулируя высвобождение его из запасов. В недавних исследованиях были доказаны свойства мионектина как регулятора эритроидного железа. Впоследствии этот миокин был переименован в эритроферрон. В отличие от адаптивной роли, эритроферрон может способствовать перегрузке железом у больных тяжелыми наследственными анемиями, а также у пациентов, получавших частые гемотрансфузии. В данной статье мы представляем краткое обсуждение функции эритроферрона, а также рецепторов трансферрина 2 и их роль в обмене железа

Iron is an essential element of the cell activity. The most important role of iron is determined by the functions of proteins that contain this metal: hemoglobin and myoglobin that execute the transport and storage of oxygen; enzymes involved in the processes of biological oxidation (cytochrome p450), various peroxidases and catalase supporting redox balance. Iron metabolism being unique process is regulated by a number of proteins, providing a narrow safe range of iron content in the cells. 25-amino acid protein hepcidin in the past 10 years was considered to be a key regulator of iron metabolism. Hepcidin controls main streams of the iron distribution: the absorption of nutritional iron in the intestine, utilization of its macrophages phagocyting old red blood cells, and iron mobilization from hepatocytes. In the literature there is occurred sometimes the term “erythroid regulator of iron metabolism”, however, for the long time the desired protein remained elusive. Proposed erythroid regulator should ensure the delivery of iron to the bone marrow due to suppression of blood expression of hepcidin, thereby increasing the absorption of iron from enterocytes and stimulating the release of its stock. In recent studies there were proved properties of myonectin as a regulator of erythroid iron. Subsequently, this myokine was renamed as erythroferrone. As distinct from the adaptive role erythroferrone may contribute to the iron overload in patients with severe hereditary anemias and in patients receiving frequent blood transfusions. In this paper, we present a brief discussion of functions of erythroferrones, as well as the transferrin receptor 2, and their role in iron metabolism.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.