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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35754/0234-5730-2021-66-1-37-53</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-270</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идентификация групповых антигенов эритроцитов по системам ABO, RH и KEL серологическими тестами и методами генотипирования</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identifi cation of ABO, RH and KEL blood group antigens with serology and genotyping methods</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5912-3564</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чумак</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chumak</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чумак Анна Александровна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией HLA-типирования</p><p>125284, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna A. Chumak, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory for HLA-typing</p><p>125284, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gella5@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8954-1281</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белякова</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belyakova</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белякова Вера Владимировна, кандидат биологических наук, заведующая централизованной клинико-диагностической лабораторией</p><p>125284, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera V. Belyakova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory</p><p>125284, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karnas@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8589-7122</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майорова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maiorova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Майорова Ольга Андреевна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный врач</p><p>125284, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Maiorova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, СЕО</p><p>125284, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olgamai@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9875-0085</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пухликова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pukhlikova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пухликова Татьяна Владимировна, кандидат биологических наук, биолог лаборатории HLA-типирования</p><p>125284, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana V. Pukhlikova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Researcher (biology), Laboratory for HLA-typing</p><p>125284, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ptv-mos@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1782-284X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кравчук</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kravchuk</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кравчук Ольга Алексеевна, врач Централизованной клинико-диагностической лаборатории</p><p>125284, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Kravchuk, Physician, Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory</p><p>125284, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">key900@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7354-2383</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мишакина</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mishakina</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мишакина Светлана Владимировна, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики Централизованной клинико-диагностической лаборатории</p><p>125284, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Svetlana V. Mishakina, Physician (clinical laboratory diagnostics), Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory</p><p>125284, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">svetlanamishakina772@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3053-7987</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Донская</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Donskaya</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Донская Ольга Владимировна, врач клинической лабораторной диагностики Централизованной клинико-диагностической лаборатории</p><p>125284, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Donskaya, Physician (clinical laboratory diagnostics), Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory</p><p>125284, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">o.v.donskaya.126@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4605-8315</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Данилец</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Daniletz</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Данилец Виолетта Вячеславовна, заведующая отделением трансфузиологии</p><p>124489, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Violetta V. Daniletz, Head of the Department of Transfusiology</p><p>124489, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gb3opk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Центр крови имени О. К. Гаврилова» Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow City Blood Center named after O.K. Gavrilov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ имени М. П. Кончаловского Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>City Clinical Hospital named after M.P. Konchalovsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>18</day><month>05</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>53</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чумак А.А., Белякова В.В., Майорова О.А., Пухликова Т.В., Кравчук О.А., Мишакина С.В., Донская О.В., Данилец В.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чумак А.А., Белякова В.В., Майорова О.А., Пухликова Т.В., Кравчук О.А., Мишакина С.В., Донская О.В., Данилец В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chumak A.A., Belyakova V.V., Maiorova O.A., Pukhlikova T.V., Kravchuk O.A., Mishakina S.V., Donskaya O.V., Daniletz V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/270">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/270</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Терапия компонентами крови востребована в травматологии, терапии, гематологии, родовспоможении, трансплантологии, что определяет важность тестирования групповых систем антигенов эритроцитов в  образцах крови доноров и реципиентов для обеспечения безопасности гемотрансфузий. Использование рутинных технологий для иммунологического типирования в большинстве случаев позволяет определить антигены, при исследовании которых наблюдаются слабые реакции агглютинации. Однако применение серологических методов имеет определенные ограничения, требующие использования технологий генотипирования.</p><p>Цель — оценить опыт использования серологических тестов и методов генотипирования при определении групповой принадлежности по системам ABO, RH и KEL.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследовали 55 489 образцов крови доноров, а также 1898 образцов крови больных. При затруднении интерпретации результата исследования (химеризм, панагглютинация, разночтение результатов) применяли методы генотипирования. Серологические исследования выполнены с помощью гелевой технологии. Выделение геномной ДНК проводили с использованием реагентов «Qiagen». Молекулярно-генетическое исследование эритроцитарных антигенов ABO, RH и KEL методом аллель-специфичной ПЦР выполняли с помощью реагентов производства BAG Diagnostics. Детекцию продуктов ПЦР осуществляли методом электрофореза в 2%-агарозном геле. Секвенирование по Сэнгеру было использовано в качестве вспомогательного метода генотипирования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Применение серологических методов определения антигенов эритроцитов в  сочетании с  методами генотипирования позволило установить групповую и резус-принадлежность 26 доноров и больных, имевших трудноопределимые группы крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В случаях трудноопределимых групп крови наряду с серологическими методами исследования целесообразно использовать методы генотипирования.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Blood transfusion is a strong practice in traumatology, internal medicine, haematology, obstetrics and transplantation, which demands safety of haemotransfusion with estimating the red blood cell group antigens in donor and recipient blood. Routine immunotyping techniques usually provide for an antigen identification to weak subgroups, albeit with certain inherent limitations of serology tests that can be overcome in a genotyping approach.</p><p>Aim — performance assessment of serology and genotyping methods in the ABO, RH and KEL blood group identification.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A total of 55,489 donor and 1,898 patient blood samples have been analysed. Ambiguous cases of chimerism, panagglutination and inconsistent results were tackled with genotyping. Serology tests were performed with gel cards. Whole blood DNA extraction was performed with Qiagen chemistry. Allele-specific PCR was used for the erythrocyte ABO, RH and KEL antigen genotyping with BAG Diagnostics commercial kits and a 2% agarose gel product detection. Sanger sequencing was used to complement genotyping.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A combined use of serology tests and genotyping allowed a successful erythrocyte antigen-based blood group and Rh-status assignment in 26 donors and patients with ambiguous blood typing.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Genotyping coupled with serologic methods can be advised in a hampered blood group identification.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>антигены эритроцитов</kwd><kwd>группа крови ABO</kwd><kwd>резус-фактор</kwd><kwd>иммуногематология</kwd><kwd>серологические методы</kwd><kwd>генотипирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>erythrocyte antigens</kwd><kwd>ABO blood group</kwd><kwd>Rh-factor</kwd><kwd>immunohaematology</kwd><kwd>serology tests</kwd><kwd>genotyping.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Javadzadeh S.H., Hayati A. Blood group discrepancies at a regional blood center. Int J Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Res. 2020; 14(1): 38–44.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Javadzadeh Javadzadeh S.H., Hayati A. Blood group discrepancies at a regional blood center. 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