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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35754/0234-5730-2021-66-2-168-191</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-280</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Риск-адаптированная терапия триоксидом мышьяка в сочетании с  полностью транс-ретиноевой кислотой больных впервые выявленным острым промиелоцитарным лейкозом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk-adapted combined therapy with arsenic trioxide and all-trans-retinoic acid for de novo acute promyelocytic leuкaemia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4827-8947</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Троицкая</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Troitskaya</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Троицкая Вера Витальевна, кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель генерального директора по лечебной работе, заведующая отделением высокодозной интенсивной химиотерапии гемобластозов и депрессий кроветворения</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vera V. Troitskaya, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Deputy Director General for Medicine, Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy for Hemoblastoses and Bone Marrow Depressions</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">troitskaya.v@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-3566</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Паровичникова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parovichnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Паровичникова Елена Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, заведующая отделом высокодозной интенсивной химиотерапии гемобластозов, депрессий кроветворения и трансплантации костного мозга</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena N. Parovichnikova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy for Hemoblastoses, Hematopoietic Depressions and Bone Marrow Transplantation</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elenap@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0201-8680</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семенова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семенова Арина Аркадьевна, врач-гематолог отделения высокодозной интенсивной химиотерапии гемобластозов и депрессий кроветворения</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Arina A. Semenova, Physician (haematology), Department of Intensive HighDose Chemotherapy for Hemoblastoses and Bone Marrow Depressions</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">arinasemenovaa69@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0934-6094</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фидарова</surname><given-names>З. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fidarova</surname><given-names>Z. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фидарова Залина Таймуразовна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением высокодозной интенсивной химиотерапии гемобластозов и депрессий кроветворения с дневным стационаром, кандидат медицинских наук</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zalina T. Fidarova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy for Hemoblastoses and Bone Marrow Depressions with 24-h inpatient unit</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zalinafidarova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1494-7978</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соколов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sokolov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Соколов Андрей Николаевич, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отдела высокодозной интенсивной химиотерапии гемобластозов, депрессий кроветворения и трансплантации костного мозга</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Sokolov, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy for Hemoblastoses, Hematopoietic Depressions and Bone Marrow Transplantation</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sokolov.a@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8818-8949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Галстян</surname><given-names>Г. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Galstyan</surname><given-names>G. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Галстян Геннадий Мартинович, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий отделением реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennadiy M. Galstyan, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Intensive Care</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gengalst@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7048-060X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спирин</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spirin</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Спирин Михаил Васильевич, кандидат медицинских наук, врач отделения реанимации и интенсивной терапии</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail V. Spirin, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Physician, Department of Intensive Care</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mvspirin@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4155-7820</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грибанова</surname><given-names>Е. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gribanova</surname><given-names>E. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Грибанова Елена Олеговна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделением интенсивной высокодозной химиотерапии гематологических заболеваний с круглосуточным и дневным стационарами</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena O. Gribanova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Department of Intensive High-Dose Chemotherapy for Hematological Diseases with 24-h and day inpatient units</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gribanova.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5056-9540</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сысоева</surname><given-names>Е. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sysoeva</surname><given-names>E. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сысоева Елена Павловна, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник отделения орфанных заболеваний</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena P. Sysoeva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher, Department of Orphan Diseases</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sysoeva.e@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-0796</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Двирнык</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dvirnyk</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Двирнык Валентина Николаевна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая центральной клинико-диагностической лаборатории</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valentina N. Dvirnyk, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dvirnyk.v@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5648-732X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Наумова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Naumova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Наумова Ирина Николаевна, руководитель группы гематологии и общей клиники центральной клинико-диагностической лаборатории</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Naumova, Leader of the Hematology and General Clinical Group, Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">naumova.i@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-652X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обухова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Obukhova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Обухова Татьяна Николаевна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией кариологии</p><p>125167, Москва</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Obukhova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory of Karyology</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obukhova.t@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7323-3639</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глинщикова</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glinshchikova</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Глинщикова Ольга Анатольевна, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной гематологии</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga A. Glinshchikova, Cand. Sci. (Biol.), Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Molecular Hematology</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olglin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5973-5763</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Клясова</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Klyasova</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Клясова Галина Александровна, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая лабораторией клинической бактериологии, микологии и антибиотической терапии</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Galina A. Klyasova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Mycology and Antibiotic Therapy</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kliasova.g@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8044-598X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чабаева</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chabaeva</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чабаева Юлия Александровна, кандидат технических наук, заместитель заведующего информационно-аналитическим отделом</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia A. Chabaeva, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Deputy Head of the Information and Ana lytic Department</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">uchabaeva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6288-7570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Куликов</surname><given-names>С. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulikov</surname><given-names>S. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Куликов Сергей Михайлович, кандидат технических наук, руководитель информационно-аналитического отдела</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey M. Kulikov, Cand. Sci. (Tech.), Head of the Information and Analytic Department</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smkulikov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савченко Валерий Григорьевич, генеральный директор, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, академик РАH</p><p>125167, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Valery G. Savchenko, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Director General</p><p>1125167, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savchenko.v@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Министерства здравоохранения России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center for Hematology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>31</day><month>08</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>168</fpage><lpage>191</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Троицкая В.В., Паровичникова Е.Н., Семенова А.А., Фидарова З.Т., Соколов А.Н., Галстян Г.М., Спирин М.В., Грибанова Е.О., Сысоева Е.П., Двирнык В.Н., Наумова И.Н., Обухова Т.Н., Глинщикова О.А., Клясова Г.А., Чабаева Ю.А., Куликов С.М., Савченко В.Г., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Троицкая В.В., Паровичникова Е.Н., Семенова А.А., Фидарова З.Т., Соколов А.Н., Галстян Г.М., Спирин М.В., Грибанова Е.О., Сысоева Е.П., Двирнык В.Н., Наумова И.Н., Обухова Т.Н., Глинщикова О.А., Клясова Г.А., Чабаева Ю.А., Куликов С.М., Савченко В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Troitskaya V.V., Parovichnikova E.N., Semenova A.A., Fidarova Z.T., Sokolov A.N., Galstyan G.M., Spirin M.V., Gribanova E.O., Sysoeva E.P., Dvirnyk V.N., Naumova I.N., Obukhova T.N., Glinshchikova O.A., Klyasova G.A., Chabaeva Y.A., Kulikov S.M., Savchenko V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/280">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/280</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Нехимиотерапевтическое лечение больных острым промиелоцитарным лейкозом (ОПЛ) с использованием сочетания полностью транс-ретиноевой кислоты (ATRA) и триоксида мышьяка (АТО) позволяет достичь более высоких показателей эффективности и выживаемости при меньшей токсичности, чем при  использовании стандартных химиотерапевтических программ.</p><p>Цель  — анализ результатов лечения больных впервые выявленным ОПЛ по протоколу риск-адаптированного воздействия с использованием ATO и ATRA.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В проспективное исследование был включен 51 больной впервые диагностированным ОПЛ в возрасте 18–76 лет. Программа терапии включала индукцию ремиссии (АТО 0,15 мг/кг в/в, ATRA 45 мг/м2 внутрь), длительность: 30–60 дней — для больных из группы низкого риска (до момента достижения ремиссии), для группы высокого риска — 60 дней с введением во 2-й и 4-й дни курса идарубицина. Консолидацию ремиссии проводили 4 курсами для группы низкого риска или 5 курсами для группы высокого риска. На всех этапах терапии выполняли мониторинг минимальной остаточной болезни методом полимеразной цепной реакции в реальном времени.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. К группе высокого риска были отнесены 15 (29,4 %) больных, к группе низкого риска — 36 (70,6 %) больных. Индукционная терапия до достижения морфологической ремиссии ОПЛ выполнена у 48 (94 %) больных. Молекулярная ремиссия ОПЛ достигнута у 47 (92 %) больных: в группе низкого риска — у 100 %, в группе высокого риска — у 80 %. Ранняя летальность составила 6 % (n = 3), смерть в ремиссии — 2 % (n = 1). Дифференцировочный синдром (ДС) возник у 16 (31,7 %) больных, ДС возникал чаще в группе высокого, чем низкого риска (соответственно 53,3 и 22,2 %, р = 0,05), (отношение шансов: 4,0; 95 % доверительный интервал (ДИ): 1,1–14,4). ДС развивался на 1–20-е сут (медиана — 3-и сут) от  начала терапии. Факторы риска развития ДС: группа высокого риска, наличие геморрагического синдрома и инфекции в дебюте заболевания. Медиана времени наблюдения для живых составила 12,9 мес. (от 2,5 до 34,3 мес.), общая выживаемость за 6 мес. составила — 92 % (95 % ДИ: 85–100 %). Общая выживаемость больных из группы низкого риска за 6 мес. составила 100 %, из группы высокого риска — 73 % (95 % ДИ: 54–100 %), p = 0,001. Рецидивы ОПЛ не зарегистрированы, 47 (92 %) больных живы, у них сохраняется первая молекулярная ремиссия ОПЛ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Терапия больных ОПЛ, основанная на  дифференцированном подходе в  зависимости от  группы риска, с  добавлением цитостатических препаратов лишь больным из  группы высокого риска, позволила достичь в 100 % молекулярную ремиссию и безрецидивную выживаемость. Неудачи терапии (ранняя летальность и смерть в  ремиссии) были у  больных из  группы высокого риска и  обусловлены тяжелым состоянием больных на  момент диагностики ОПЛ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Non-chemotherapy for acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL) with a combination of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) provides for a high patient survival rate at lesser toxicity as effectively or superior to standard chemotherapy programmes.</p><p>Aim — assessment of the ATO–ATRA risk-adapted exposure protocol in management of de novo acute promyelocytic leucaemia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A prospective study included 51 primary APL patients aged 18–76 years. The program included remission induction (ATO 0.15 mg/kg intravenously, ATRA 45 mg/m2 orally) for 30–60 days in a low-risk (until remission) and 60 days — in a high-risk cohort that had idarubicin therapy added on days 2 and 4. Remission consolidation was attained with four (low-risk) or five (high-risk) courses. Minimal residual disease was monitored with real-time PCR at all phases.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The high-risk cohort was assigned 15 (29.4 %), the low-risk cohort — 36 (70.6 %) patients. Therapy induction till APL morphological remission was performed in 48/51 (94 %) patients. Molecular APL remission was achieved in 47 (92 %) patients, 100 % in the low-risk and 80 % in high-risk cohort. Early mortality was 6 % (n = 3), death in remission — 2 % (n = 1). Differentiation syndrome (DS) occurred in 16 (31.7 %) patients, more frequently in the high-risk vs. low-risk cohort (53.3 % and 22.2 %, respectively, p = 0.05; odds ratio 4.0 [1.1–14.4]). DS developed on days 1–20 (3 days median) of therapy. DS risk factors: a high-risk status, haemorrhagic syndrome and infection at the disease onset. A median follow-up time in survivors was 12.9 months (2.5–34.3), a six-month overall survival — 92 % (95 % CI: 85–100 %). A six-month overall survival was 100 and 73 % in the low- and high-risk cohorts, respectively (95 % CI: 54–100 %, p = 0.001). APL relapse not registered, 47 (92 %) patients survived and achieved the first molecular remission.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. A differentiated risk-adapted approach to APL therapy with cytostatic treatment added in high-risk patients only provided for a 100 % molecular remission and relapse-free survival. Therapy failures (early mortality and death in remission) affected high-risk patients due to a severe individual condition at the time of APL diagnosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый промиелоцитарный лейкоз</kwd><kwd>триоксид мышьяка</kwd><kwd>ATRA</kwd><kwd>нехимиотерапевтическое лечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute promyelocytic leucaemia</kwd><kwd>arsenic trioxide</kwd><kwd>ATRA</kwd><kwd>non-chemotherapy treatment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Савченко В.Г., Паровичникова Е.Н. Острый промиелоцитарный лейкоз. Литтерра. Москва; 2009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savchenko V.G., Parovichnikova E.N. Acute promyelocytic leukemia. Litterra. 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