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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35754/0234-5730-2023-68-1-129-143</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-437</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕКОМЕНДАЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>RЕCOMMENDATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Цитогенетическая и молекулярно-генетическая диагностика онкогематологических заболеваний: позиция Организации молекулярных генетиков в онкологии и онкогематологии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cytogenetic and molecular genetic diagnostics in oncohematological disorders: a position paper of the Organization of Molecular Geneticists in Oncology and Oncohematology</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9881-6221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Цаур</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tsaur</surname><given-names>G. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорий Анатольевич Цаур, доктор медицинских наук, заведующий лабораторией, ведущий научный сотрудник, доцент </p><p>лаборатория молекулярной биологии, иммунофенотипирования и патоморфологии</p><p>620149</p><p>лаборатория клеточной терапии онкогематологических заболеваний</p><p>620026</p><p>кафедра клинической лабораторной диагностики и бактериологии</p><p>620028</p><p>Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Grigory A. Tsaur, Dr. Sci. (Med), Head of the Laboratory, Leading Researcher, Associate Professor</p><p>Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Immunophenotyping and Pathology</p><p>620149</p><p>Laboratory of Cellular Therapy for Oncohematological Disorders</p><p>620026</p><p>Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics and Bacteriology</p><p>620028</p><p>Ekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">TsaurGA@mis66.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2352-7716</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ольшанская</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Olshanskaya</surname><given-names>Yu. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юлия Вячеславовна Ольшанская, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией</p><p>лаборатория цитогенетики и молекулярной генетики</p><p>117198</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia V. Olshanskaya, Cand. Sci. (Med), Head of the Laboratory</p><p>117198</p><p>Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Yuliya.Olshanskaya@fccho-moscow.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-652X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Обухова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Obukhova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Никифоровна Обухова, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая лабораторией</p><p>лаборатория кариологии</p><p>125167</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana N. Obukhova, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of Laboratory</p><p>Karyology Laboratory</p><p>125167</p><p>125167</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">obukhova.t@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9463-9187</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Судариков</surname><given-names>А. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sudarikov</surname><given-names>A. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Андрей Борисович Судариков, доктор биологических наук, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>лаборатория молекулярной гематологии</p><p>125167</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey B. Sudarikov, Dr. Sci. (Biol.), Head of the Department</p><p>125167</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dusha@blood.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-0445</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазарева</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazareva</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ольга Вениаминовна Лазарева, кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель управления</p><p>управление регионального и межведомственного сотрудничества по профилю «гематология»</p><p>125167</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Lazareva, Cand. Sci. (Med), Head of the Department</p><p>Department of Regional and Interdepartmental Cooperation for the Provision of Medical Hematology Care</p><p>125167</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stakhino@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1302-3311</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гиндина</surname><given-names>Т. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gindina</surname><given-names>T. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Леонидовна Гиндина, доктор медицинских наук, заведую-щая лабораторией</p><p>лаборатория цитогенетики и диагностики генетических заболеваний клиники</p><p>197022</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana L. Gindina, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Laboratory</p><p>Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Diagnostics of Genetic Disorders</p><p>197022</p><p>Saint Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gindinatl@spb-gmu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГАУЗ СО «Областная детская клиническая больница»; ГАУЗ СO «Институт медицинских клеточных технологий»; ФГБОУ ВПО «Уральский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Children’s Hospital; Research Institute of Medical Cell Technologies; Ural State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр детской гематологии, онкологии и иммунологии имени Дмитрия Рогачева»&#13;
Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Medical Research Center for Hematology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ детской онкологии, гематологии и трансплантологии им. Р. М. Горбачевой, ФГБОУ ВО «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный&#13;
медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Raisa Gorbacheva Memorial Research Institute for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Transplantation, Academician I. P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>05</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>129</fpage><lpage>143</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Цаур Г.А., Ольшанская Ю.В., Обухова Т.Н., Судариков А.Б., Лазарева О.В., Гиндина Т.Л., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Цаур Г.А., Ольшанская Ю.В., Обухова Т.Н., Судариков А.Б., Лазарева О.В., Гиндина Т.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tsaur G.А., Olshanskaya Y.V., Obukhova T.N., Sudarikov A.B., Lazareva O.V., Gindina T.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/437">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/437</self-uri><abstract><p>   Введение. В настоящее время нет однозначного мнения об оптимальном перечне исследований для генетической диагностики онкогематологических заболеваний у детей и взрослых, что обусловлено ограниченными технологическими возможностями лабораторий и быстрым развитием науки, расширением спектра новых маркеров, которые являются привлекательными для ограниченного контингента больных. Более того, в современных условиях ограниченного доступа к ресурсам представляется важным привести к единому знаменателю желания, интересы и возможности.   Цель — на основании консенсусного мнения панели экспертов выработать единые подходы к цитогенетической и молекулярно-генетической диагностике онкогематологических заболеваний у детей и взрослых.   Основные сведения. Предложено разделение цитогенетических и молекулярно-генетических тестов для диагностики онкогематологических заболеваний у детей и взрослых на три группы, исходя из частоты встречаемости генетических аберраций, сложности проведения исследования и влияния на прогноз. На этом основании были выделены минимальный и оптимальный перечни клинически значимых показателей, а также маркеры с учетом диагноза и возраста больных. Приведены базовые преаналитические принципы проведения цитогенетических и молекулярно-генетических исследований с целью диагностики онкогематологических заболеваний. Дано краткое описание стандартного цитогенетического исследования, а также полимеразной цепной реакции в рамках диагностики онкогематологических заболеваний. Сделан акцент на необходимости референс-диагностики цитогенетических и молекулярно-генетических исследований в онкогематологии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Introduction. Currently, there is no unequivocal opinion on the optimal list of studies for the genetic diagnosis of oncohematological disorders in children and adults. These discrepancies are due to the limited technological capabilities of laboratories, the rapid development of science, and a significant expansion of the range of new molecular markers, that are attractive, but only for a limited group of patients. Moreover, in modern conditions of limited access to resources, it seems important to bring desires, interests and opportunities to a common denominator.   Aim — to develop unified approaches to the cytogenetic and molecular genetic diagnosis of oncohematological diseases in children and adults based on the consensus opinion of the panel of experts.   Main findings. The review proposes the arrangement of cytogenetic and molecular genetic diagnostic tests in oncohematological disorders in children and adults into 3 categories depending on the frequency of genetic aberrations, the study complexity and the prognostic impact. Based on this and taking into account the diagnosis and age of patients, the minimal and optimal lists of clinically significant parameters and research markers were identified. The basic preanalytical principles for conducting cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies in oncohematology are pointed out. A brief description of a conventional cytogenetic study and a polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of oncohematological diseases is given. The paper also focused on the need for reference diagnostics of cytogenetic and molecular genetic studies in oncohematology. The article is addressed to the specialists in the field of laboratory genetics, clinical laboratory diagnostics, but may also be of interest to hematologists, pediatric oncologists and doctors of related branches.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острый лейкоз</kwd><kwd>хронические лейкозы</kwd><kwd>лимфома</kwd><kwd>миелодиспластический синдром</kwd><kwd>миелопролиферативные заболевания</kwd><kwd>цитогенетика</kwd><kwd>молекулярная генетика</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>транслокация</kwd><kwd>химерный ген</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute leukemia</kwd><kwd>chronic leukemias</kwd><kwd>lymphoma</kwd><kwd>myeloproliferative neoplasms</kwd><kwd>myelodysplastic syndrome</kwd><kwd>cytogenetics</kwd><kwd>molecular genetics</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>translocation</kwd><kwd>fusion gene</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование не имело спонсорской поддержки</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study had no sponsorship</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hastings R., Howell R., Betts D., et al. 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