bloodjourГематология и трансфузиологияRussian journal of hematology and transfusiology0234-57302411-3042ООО Издательский дом «Практика»10.35754/0234-5730-2024-69-1-80-88bloodjour-518Research ArticleКАК Я УСТАНАВЛИВАЮ ДИАГНОЗ И КАК Я ЛЕЧУHOW DO I GET A DIAGNOSIS AND HOW I TREATЦитологическая и цитохимическая диагностика сидеробластных анемийCytological and cytochemical diagnosis of sideroblastic anemiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9877-0796ДвирныкВ. Н.DvirnykV. N.

Двирнык Валентина Николаевна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая централизованной клинико-диагностической лабораторией

125167, Москва

Valentina N. Dvirnyk, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory

125167, Moscow

dvirnyk.v@blood.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0261-5941КохноА. В.KohnoA. V.

Кохно Алина Владимировна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующая отделом диагностики и лечения гематологических заболеваний

125167, Москва

Alina V. Kohno, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of department of diagnostics and treatment of hematological diseases

125167, Moscow

kohno.a@blood.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-6251-8248ЧулковаА. А.ChulkovaA. A.

Чулкова Анастасия Александровна, врач централизованной клиникодиагностической лаборатории

125167, Москва

Anastasia A. Chulkova, Physician, Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory

125167, Moscow

chulkova.a@blood.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5648-732XНаумоваИ. Н.NaumovaI. N.

Наумова Ирина Николаевна, кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель группы гематологии и общей клиники централизованной клинико-диагностической лаборатории

125167, Москва

Irina N. Naumova, Leader of the Hematology and General Clinic Group Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory

125167, Moscow

naumova.i@blood.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0889-0445ЛазареваО. В.LazarevaO. V.

Лазарева Ольга Вениаминовна, кандидат медицинских наук, руководитель управления регионального и межведомственного сотрудничества по профилю «гематология»

125167, Москва

Olga V. Lazareva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the department of regional and interdepartmental cooperation in the field of “hematology”

125167, Moscow

lazareva.o@blood.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-3566ПаровичниковаЕ. Н.ParovichnikovaE. N.

Паровичникова Елена Николаевна, доктор медицинских наук, генеральный директор

125167, Москва

Elena N. Parovichnikova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), CEO 

125167, Moscow

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр гематологии» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияNational Medical Research Center for HematologyRussian Federation2024190320246918088Copyright © Двирнык В.Н., Кохно А.В., Чулкова А.А., Наумова И.Н., Лазарева О.В., Паровичникова Е.Н., 20242024Двирнык В.Н., Кохно А.В., Чулкова А.А., Наумова И.Н., Лазарева О.В., Паровичникова Е.Н.Dvirnyk V.N., Kohno A.V., Chulkova A.A., Naumova I.N., Lazareva O.V., Parovichnikova E.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/518Введение

Введение. Нарушение утилизации железа эритрокариоцитами с отложением гранул гемосидерина в виде кольца является патогномоничным признаком сидеробластных анемий. Неотъемлемой частью диагностики этого вида анемий является цитоморфологический анализ аспирата костного мозга с проведением цитохимической реакции на кольцевые сидеробласты.

Цель — представить методы цитологической и цитохимической диагностики сидеробластных анемий.

Основные сведения

Основные сведения. Патогномоничный признак сидеробластных анемий — наличие кольцевых сидеробластов в костном мозге. Кольцевыми сидеробластами считают эритрокариоциты с гранулами внутримитохондриального железа, располагающимися вокруг ядра. Выявить кольцевые сидеробласты возможно только при цитохимической диагностике, которая проводится лишь в половине лабораторий, осуществляющих диагностику заболеваний гематологического профиля в Российской Федерации. Представлен алгоритм лабораторной диагностики сидеробластных анемий в ФГБУ «НМИЦ гематологии» Минздрава России.

Introduction

Introduction. Disruption of iron utilization by erythrocaryocytes with deposition of hemosiderin granules in the form of a ring is a pathognomonic sign of sideroblastic anemia. An integral part of the diagnosis of this type of anemia is the cytomorphological analysis of bone marrow aspirate with a cytochemical reaction to ring sideroblasts.

Aim — to present current methods of cytological and cytochemical diagnosis of sideroblastic anemia.

Main findings

Main findings. A pathognomonic sign of sideroblastic anemia is the presence of ring sideroblasts in the bone marrow. Ring sideroblasts are considered to be erythrocaryocytes with granules of intramitochondrial iron located around the nucleus. It is only possible to diagnose ring sideroblasts using special cytochemical diagnostics, but this is carried out only in half of the laboratories that diagnose hematological diseases in the Russian Federation. The algorithm of laboratory diagnostics of sideroblastic anemia in the National Medical Research Center for Hematology is presented.

   

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.