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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18821/0234-5730-2017-62-1-32-36</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-57</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОПАСНОСТЬ ПЕРЕДАЧИ ВИРУСОВ ГЕПАТИТОВ В И С С КРОВЬЮ ДОНОРОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RISK OF TRANSMISSION OF HEPATITIS B AND C VIRUSES BY BLOOD TRANSFUSION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4668-9379</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Туполева</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tupoleva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Туполева Татьяна Алексеевна, кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий научно-клиническим отделом вирусологической диагностики, врач-вирусолог ФГБУ «Гематологический научный центр» Минздрава России, 125167, г. Москва</p><p>ID: 6505936805 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tupoleva Tatiana A., MD, PhD, head of the research and clinical virology diagnostic department, physician virologist National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow, 125167</p><p>ID: 6505936805 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ttupoleva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7182-2296</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Романова</surname><given-names>Т. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Romanova</surname><given-names>T. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0888-6147</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гуляева</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulyaeva</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2553-6579</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихомиров</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhomirov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p><p>ID: 22735552300</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p><p>ID: 22735552300  </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3121-037X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Игнатова</surname><given-names>E. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ignatova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p><p>ID: 7003301655 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p><p>ID: 7003301655 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9254-8916</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овчинникова</surname><given-names>Е. H.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovchinnikova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8198-7326</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ярославцева</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yaroslavtseva</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p><p>ID: 6603707331 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p><p>ID: 6603707331 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0650-2779</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абакаров</surname><given-names>P. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abakarov</surname><given-names>R. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4728-2610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мисько</surname><given-names>О. H.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Misko</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9684-5045</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапонова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaponova</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p><p>ID: 6504211991 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p><p>ID: 6504211991 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8188-5557</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савченко</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savchenko</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>125167, г. Москва</p><p>ID: 8532861000 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow, 125167</p><p>ID: 8532861000 </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Гематологический научный центр» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Center for Hematology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>03</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>32</fpage><lpage>36</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Туполева T.A., Романова Т.Ю., Гуляева A.A., Тихомиров Д.С., Игнатова E.Н., Овчинникова Е.H., Ярославцева Н.Г., Абакаров P.Р., Мисько О.H., Гапонова Т.В., Савченко В.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Туполева T.A., Романова Т.Ю., Гуляева A.A., Тихомиров Д.С., Игнатова E.Н., Овчинникова Е.H., Ярославцева Н.Г., Абакаров P.Р., Мисько О.H., Гапонова Т.В., Савченко В.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tupoleva T.A., Romanova T.Y., Gulyaeva A.A., Tikhomirov D.S., Ignatova E.N., Ovchinnikova E.N., Yaroslavtseva N.G., Abakarov R.R., Misko O.N., Gaponova T.V., Savchenko V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/57">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/57</self-uri><abstract><p>Остаточный риск трансфузионного инфицирования вирусами гепатитов В (ВГВ) и С (ВГС) в России в несколько десятков раз выше, чем в США. В развитых странах уже много лет широко применяется тестирование с помощью полимеразной цепной реакции (ПЦР) как индивидуальных образцов крови доноров, так и в формате минипулов. Это выгодное экономическое решение, поскольку снижает стоимость заготавливаемых компонентов крови. Актуальным остается вопрос – обеспечивает ли такой подход должный уровень вирусной безопасности? Молекулярные маркеры вирусов выявляли в серонегативных образцах плазмы доноров (n = 33 799) в пулах из 6. Количественно охарактеризованы 72 позитивных образца: 21 по ДНК ВГВ, 51 – РНК ВГС. Исследованы 17 экспериментально приготовленных пулов плазмы, содержащих ДНК ВГВ- или РНК ВГС-позитивный образец. Использованы коммерческие наборы реагентов. За весь период исследования ПЦР-тестирование позволило дополнительно определить наличие инфицирования ВГВ у 3 доноров и ВГС у 3. Низкие значения концентрации ДНК ВГВ зарегистрированы в 14 из 21 образца крови доноров, а в 4 образцах концентрация находилась на пороговом уровне чувствительности тест-системы. Низкие концентрации РНК ВГС определены в 14 из 51 образца крови доноров. Высокие значения концентрации РНК ВГС преобладали (в 37 образцах). Все 5 пулов из 6 и из 12 образцов, содержащих РНК ВГС-позитивный образец плазмы, были положительными. ДНК ВГВ была выявлена в 7 из 10 пулов из 6 образцов, а 2 пула из 12 образцов оказались отрицательны. Учитывая полученные нами данные по высокой частоте низких концентраций ДНК ВГВ (66,67% случаев), тестирование донорской крови методом ПЦР в формате минипулов может приводить к недовыявлению инфицированных образцов при использовании тест-систем, обладающих недостаточной чувствительностью.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The residual risk of transfusion infection by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C (HCV) in Russia is several tens of times higher than in the USA. In developed countries for many years there is widely used the testing the blood samples by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of individual donors and mini-pools. This is an advantageous economic decision, because it reduces the cost of preparing of blood components. The aim of the study was to analyze the proper level of the viral safety. Molecular markers of viruses were detected in plasma samples of seronegative donors (n = 33,799) in pools out of 6. The levels of viral molecular markers were calculated in 72 positive samples: 21 – HBV DNA, 51 – HCV RNA. There were investigated prepared experimentally 17 plasma pools contained HBV DNA, HCV RNA positive specimen. Commercial reagent kits were used.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирусы гепатитов В и С</kwd><kwd>донорская кровь</kwd><kwd>молекулярные маркеры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatitis B and C viruses</kwd><kwd>blood donations</kwd><kwd>molecular markers</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Niederhauser C. Reducing the risk of hepatitis B virus transfusiontransmitted infection. J. Blood Med. 2011; 2: 91–102. doi: 10.2147/JBM.S12899.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Niederhauser C. Reducing the risk of hepatitis B virus transfusiontransmitted infection. J. Blood Med. 2011; 2: 91–102. doi: 10.2147/ JBM.S12899.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Holland P. Viral testing of blood donors: where will it end? 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