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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35754/0234-5730-2025-70-1-85-96</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-610</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гепатит Е у доноров крови: распространенность, риски посттрансфузионной инфекции и стратегия скрининга</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hepatitis E in blood donors: prevalence, risks of posttransfusion infection and screening strategy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7559-4219</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Потемкин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Potemkin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Потемкин Илья Александрович, кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии вирусных гепатитов</p><p>111123, г. Москва;», 105064, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>111123, Moscow; 105064, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">axi0ma@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3599-117X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кюрегян</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kyuregyan</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кюрегян Карен Каренович, доктор биологических наук, профессор РАН, заведующий лабораторией молекулярной эпидемиологии вирусных гепатитов; ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории вирусных гепатитов </p><p>111123, г. Москва;», 105064, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>111123, Moscow; 105064, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">karen-kyuregyan@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6636-6801</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>М. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>M. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михайлов Михаил Иванович, доктор медицинских наук, член-корр. РАН, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории молекулярной эпидемиологии вирусных гепатитов; заведующий лабораторией вирусных гепатитов</p><p>111123, г. Москва;», 105064, г. Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>111123, Moscow; 105064, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">michmich2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии» Роспотребнадзора; ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И.И. Мечникова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor; I.I. Mechnikov Vaccine and Serum Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>96</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Потемкин И.А., Кюрегян К.К., Михайлов М.И., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Потемкин И.А., Кюрегян К.К., Михайлов М.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Potemkin I.A., Kyuregyan K.K., Mikhailov M.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/610">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/610</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Вирус гепатита Е (ВГЕ) передается преимущественно через контаминированные воду и  пищу, однако описаны случаи посттрансфузионной ВГЕ-инфекции (ПT-ВГЕ). ПТ-ВГЕ может представлять серьезную проблему для иммунокомпрометированных больных, таких как реципиенты гемопоэтических стволовых клеток или трансплантатов солидных органов. Риск ПT-ВГЕ связан с виремией ВГЕ у доноров, протекающей без симптомов заболевания.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: обзор литературы о распространенности ВГЕ-инфекции среди доноров и рисках ПТ-ВГЕ в разных регионах, а также подходах к скринингу доноров на ВГЕ.</p></sec><sec><title>Основные сведения</title><p>Основные сведения. Анализ результатов исследований, проведенных в ограниченных когортах доноров, а также данных, полученных в  реальной практике при внедрении универсального скрининга доноров, свидетельствует об актуальности тестирования доноров крови на РНК ВГЕ. Результаты исследований, проводившихся в России, отражают частоту выявления виремии ВГЕ у доноров, сопоставимую с наблюдаемой в странах, где уже внедрен универсальный скрининг доноров на РНК ВГЕ. Отсутствие в России документированных случаев ПТ-ВГЕ может быть обусловлено недостаточной доступностью диагностики гепатита Е и/или недостаточной настороженностью врачей в отношении этой инфекции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is transmitted primarily through contaminated water and food, but cases of transfusiontransmitted HEV infection (TT-HEV) have also been described. TT-HEV may pose a serious risk for immunosuppressed patients, such as recipients of hematopoietic stem cell transplants or solid organ transplants. The risk of TT-HEV is associated with HEV viremia in asymptomatic donors. In recent years, several European countries and Japan have introduced universal screening of blood donors for HEV RNA.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to systematize published data on the prevalence of HEV infection among donors and the levels of risk of TT-HEV in different regions of the world, as well as approaches to screening donors for HEV.</p></sec><sec><title>Main findings</title><p>Main findings. An analysis of the research data obtained in limited donor cohorts, as well as real-world data obtained following the implementation of universal donor screening indicates the relevance of testing blood donors for HEV RNA. The results of studies conducted in the Russian Federation indicate the frequency of detection of HEV viremia in donors comparable to that observed in countries where universal screening of donors for HEV RNA has already been implemented. The absence of documented cases of TT-HEV in the Russian Federation may be due not to the absence of the problem as such, but to insuffi cient availability of hepatitis E diagnostics and/or the lack of awareness of clinicians regarding this infection.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус гепатита Е</kwd><kwd>виремия</kwd><kwd>посттрансфузионная инфекция</kwd><kwd>доноры</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hepatitis Evirus</kwd><kwd>viremia</kwd><kwd>transfusion-transmitted infection</kwd><kwd>blood donor</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">работа не имела спонсорской поддержки.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">the study had no sponsorship.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bi H., Yang R., Wu C., Xia J. Hepatitis E virus and blood transfusion safety. 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