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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35754/0234-5730-2025-70-2-165-173</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-633</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Использование донорских тромбоцитов в многопрофильном стационаре скорой и неотложной помощи</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The use of donor platelets in the hospital of emergency medicine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4453-7187</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Азимова</surname><given-names>М. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Azimova</surname><given-names>M. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Азимова Майя Ходжаевна - кандидат медицинских наук, трансфузиолог отделения клинической и производственной трансфузиологии и гравитационной хирургии крови.</p><p>129090, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maya H. Azimova - Сand. Sci. (Med.), Transfusiologist, Department of Clinical and Industrial Transfusiology and Gravitational Blood Surgery.</p><p>129090, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maya-azim@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6999-8145</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буланов</surname><given-names>А. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bulanov</surname><given-names>A. Ju.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буланов Андрей Юльевич - доктор медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела биотехнологий и трансфузиологии ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения Москвы»; главный внештатный специалист трансфузиолог Департамента здравоохранения Москвы; профессор кафедры анестезиологии, реаниматологии и неотложной медицины Российский университет медицины.</p><p>129090, Москва</p><p>129090, Москва; 127473, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey Ju. Bulanov - Dr. Sci. (Med.), Leading Researcher, Department of Biotechnology and Transfusiology, Sklifosovsky Research Institute For Emergency Medicine; Chief Non-Staff Transfusion Medicine Specialist, Moscow Healthcare Department; Professor, Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care, and Emergency Medicine, Institution of Higher Education RUM.</p><p>129090, Moscow; 127473, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">buldoc68@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7542-851X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Костин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kostin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Костин Александр Игоревич - кандидат медицинских наук, заведующий отделением клинической и производственной трансфузиологии и гравитационной хирургии крови.</p><p>129090, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexander I. Kostin - Сand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Dept. of Clinical and Industrial Transfusiology and Gravitational Blood Surgery.</p><p>129090, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">KostinAI@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2996-0018</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Виноградов</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vinogradov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Виноградов Илья Антонович - трансфузиолог отделения клинической и производственной трансфузиологии и гравитационной хирургии крови.</p><p>129090, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilya A. Vinogradov - Transfusiologist, Dept. of Clinical and Industrial Transfusiology and Gravitational Blood Surgery.</p><p>129090, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vinogradovia@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8022-8491</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камалова</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamalova</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Камалова Алина Рустемовна - гематолог отделения клинической и производственной трансфузиологии и гравитационной хирургии крови.</p><p>129090, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alina R. Kamalova - Hematologist, Department of Clinical and Industrial Transfusiology and Gravitational Blood Surgery.</p><p>129090, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">KamalovaAR@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0705-9635</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Макарова</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Makarova</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Макарова Елизавета Сергеевна - гематолог отделения клинической и производственной трансфузиологии и гравитационной хирургии крови.</p><p>129090, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elizabeth S. Makarova - Hematologist, Department of Clinical and Industrial Transfusiology and Gravitational Blood Surgery.</p><p>129090, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">makarovaes@sklif.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sklifosovsky Emergency Medicine Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Научно-исследовательский институт скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского Департамента здравоохранения Москвы»; ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Sklifosovsky Emergency Medicine Research Institute; Moscow State Medical and Dental University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>165</fpage><lpage>173</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Азимова М.Х., Буланов А.Ю., Костин А.И., Виноградов И.А., Камалова А.Р., Макарова Е.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Азимова М.Х., Буланов А.Ю., Костин А.И., Виноградов И.А., Камалова А.Р., Макарова Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Azimova M.H., Bulanov A.J., Kostin A.I., Vinogradov I.A., Kamalova A.R., Makarova E.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/633">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/633</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Многопрофильный стационар скорой помощи является значимым потребителем концентратов тромбоцитов (КТ). Специфичность требований, особенности логистики и клинического использования КТ в многопрофильных стационарах могут влиять на стратегию заготовки данного компонента крови.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: анализ практики применения КТ в многопрофильном стационаре, оказывающем скорую и неотложную помощь населению.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. В ретроспективном обсервационном исследовании изучили 7049 трансфузий КТ в многопрофильном стационаре скорой помощи, выполненных за 5-летний период. Анализировали показания для трансфузий КТ, эффективность КТ, трансфузионную нагрузку на реципиента, экстренность выполнения трансфузий КТ, групповую идентичность использованных КТ, тип КТ, сравнили скорректированный прирост тромбоцитов (СПТ) через 24 ч после трансфузии различных видов КТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. От 23 до 29 % всех КТ были перелиты больным, поступившим с политравмой и массивной кровопотерей, 18–27 % КТ перелили больным с септическими осложнениями, 8–13 % — больным в период подготовки и послеоперационного ведения при трансплантации печени, 21 % — больным, которым проводили ЭКМО. По экстренным показаниям выполняли 31,8–40,7 % трансфузий КТ. В 61,5 % случаев показанием был геморрагический синдром в сочетании с тромбоцитопенией. АВ0-идентичные трансфузии были выполнены в 4723 (67,1 %) случаях. Не было достоверных различий в величине СПТ при применении аферезных, пулированных и криоконсервированных КТ.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При планировании работы стационаров, оказывающих неотложную медицинскую помощь больным хирургического и травматологического профилей, следует учитывать потребность в трансфузии КТ 1,5–2 % больных, возможности экстренного обеспечения с применением инструментов «менеджмента тромбоцитов»: резерва КТ универсального донора — заготовленных на добавочном растворе или методом афереза от доноров группы AB или методом пулирования от доноров группы 0, криоконсервированных КТ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. A multidisciplinary emergency hospital is a significant consumer of platelet concentrates (PCs). The specificity of requirements, logistics, and clinical use of PCs in multidisciplinary hospitals may affect the strategy for procuring this blood component.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim: to analyze the practice of PC transfusion in a multidisciplinary hospital providing emergency and urgent care to the population.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. In a retrospective observational study spanning over a 5-year period, 7,049 PC transfusions were examined in an emergency care multidisciplinary hospital. The study analyzed the indications for PC transfusion, PC efficacy, transfusion load on the recipient, urgency of performing PC transfusion, group compatibility of used PCs, PC type, and compared the corrected count increment (CCI) 24 hours after transfusion of various PC types.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Between 23 % and 29 % of all PCs were transfused to patients who were admitted with polytrauma and massive blood loss, 18–27% were transfused to patients with septic complications, 8–13 % to patients during preparation and postoperative management for liver transplantation, 21 % to patients who underwent ECMO. Emergency indications accounted for 31.8–40.7% of PC transfusions. In 61.5 % of cases, the indication was hemorrhagic syndrome in combination with thrombocytopenia. AB0-identical transfusions were performed in 4,723 (67.1 %) cases. There were no significant differences in CCI when using apheresis, pooled or cryopreserved PCs.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. When planning the work of hospitals providing emergency medical care to patients with surgical and traumatological profiles, the need for PC transfusions in 1.5–2 % of patients should be considered. Emergency supply can be facilitated using the “platelet management” tools: a reserve of universal donor PCs-prepared in additive solution or obtained apheresis from AB-group donors or via pooling from O-group donorsand cryopreserved PCs.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>концентрат тромбоцитов</kwd><kwd>неотложная медицина</kwd><kwd>тромбоцитопения</kwd><kwd>политравма</kwd><kwd>массивная кровопотеря</kwd><kwd>сепсис</kwd><kwd>ЭКМО</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>platelet concentrate</kwd><kwd>emergency medicine</kwd><kwd>thrombocytopenia</kwd><kwd>polytrauma</kwd><kwd>massive blood loss</kwd><kwd>sepsis</kwd><kwd>ECMO</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Estcourt LJ. Why has demand for platelet components increased? Transfus Med. 2014;24:260–8. 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