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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bloodjour</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гематология и трансфузиология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0234-5730</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2411-3042</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО Издательский дом «Практика»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.35754/0234-5730-2025-70-4-478-484</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bloodjour-692</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Стратификация риска трансфузионной терапии в кардиохирургии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Transfusion therapy risk stratification in cardiac surgery</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4868-8400</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зюзин</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zyuzin</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зюзин Вадим Сергеевич, трансфузиолог, заведующий трансфузиологическим кабинетом</p><p>236035, г. Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vadim S. Zyuzin, Transfusiologist, Head of the Transfusion Cabinet</p><p>236035, Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zuruss@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5572-3076</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шнейдер</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Schneider</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шнейдер Юрий Александрович, доктор медицинских наук, профессор, главный врач</p><p>236035, г. Калининград</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuriy A. Shneider, Dr. Sci. (Med.), Professor, CEO</p><p>236035, Kaliningrad</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">schneider@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный центр высоких медицинских технологий» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Center for High Medical Technologies</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>478</fpage><lpage>484</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зюзин В.С., Шнейдер Ю.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зюзин В.С., Шнейдер Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zyuzin V.S., Schneider Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/692">https://www.htjournal.ru/jour/article/view/692</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Применение компонентов аллогенной крови в кардиохирургии ассоциировано с развитием осложнений. Одна из стратегий минимизации необоснованных трансфузий — это применение моделей стратификации риска трансфузионной терапии. Их задача — на основании клинических показателей спрогнозировать вероятность применения компонентов крови у конкретного больного.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить возможность использования модели стратификации риска трансфузионной терапии.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Критериям включения в исследование соответствовали больные старше 18 лет, перенесшие экстренные и плановые оперативные вмешательства на открытом сердце, проведенные в период с 1 января по 31 декабря 2024 г. Конечной точкой считали трансфузию компонентов аллогенной крови, под которой понимали клиническое применение одной или более единицы эритроцитсодержащих компонентов, любого вида плазмы или концентрата на протяжении всей длительности госпитализации. Оценку дискриминационной способности проводили с использованием метода AUC-ROC. Оценку калибровки проводили с помощью теста Хосмера — Лемешова. Описательный анализ был выполнен с использованием категориальных переменных, выраженных в абсолютных числах и процентах. Количественные переменные выражали как средние значения и стандартное отклонение. Статистический анализ выполнен с использованием Microsoft Excel 2010</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В моноцентрическое наблюдательное ретроспективное исследование были включены 218 человек. Точность прогнозирования трансфузий составила 0,67. Тест Хосмера — Лемешова продемонстрировал систематические ошибки калибровки. В зонах низкого риска модель завышала вероятность трансфузии, в зонах высокого риска — занижала.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Использование данной модели позволяет оптимизировать назначения донорской крови и снизить количество необоснованных трансфузий. Для клинического применения требуется адаптация под местные условия.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The use of allogeneic blood components in cardiac surgery is associated with the development of complications. One of the strategies for minimizing unjustified transfusions is the use of risk stratification models for transfusion therapy. Their goal is to predict the likelihood of using blood components in a particular patient based on clinical indicators.</p></sec><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective. To study the possibility of using a risk stratification model for transfusion therapy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The criteria for inclusion in the study were met by patients over 18 years of age who underwent emergency and planned open-heart surgery performed between January 01, 2024 and December 31, 2024. The endpoint was considered to be allogeneic blood transfusion, which was understood to mean the clinical use of one or more units of erythrocyte-containing components, any type of plasma or concentrate throughout the duration of hospitalization. Discrimination assessment was performed using the AUC-ROC method. The calibration was evaluated using the Hosmer-Lemeshov test. Descriptive analysis was performed using categorical variables expressed in absolute numbers and percentages. The quantitative variables were expressed as means and standard deviations. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 2010.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A total of 218 patients were included in a single-center, observational, retrospective study. The accuracy of transfusion prediction was 0.67 95 % CI. The Hosmer-Lemeshov test demonstrated systematic calibration errors. In low–risk areas, the model overestimated the probability of transfusion, while in high-risk areas it underestimated it.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The use of this model makes it possible to optimize the appointment of donated blood and reduce the number of unjustified transfusions. For clinical use, adaptation to local conditions is required.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>переливание крови</kwd><kwd>риск трансфузии в кардиохирургии</kwd><kwd>научно обоснованное применение компонентов крови</kwd><kwd>модель AlonsoTuñón</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>blood transfusion</kwd><kwd>risk of transfusion in cardiac surgery</kwd><kwd>evidence–based use of blood components</kwd><kwd>Alonso-Tuñón model</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Salenger R., Hirji S., Rea A., et al. ERAS Cardiac Society turnkey order set for patient blood management: Proceedings from the AATS ERAS Conclave 2023. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2024;168(3):890–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.10.034.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Salenger R., Hirji S., Rea A., et al. 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