Cytological and cytochemical diagnosis of sideroblastic anemia
https://doi.org/10.35754/0234-5730-2024-69-1-80-88
Abstract
Introduction. Disruption of iron utilization by erythrocaryocytes with deposition of hemosiderin granules in the form of a ring is a pathognomonic sign of sideroblastic anemia. An integral part of the diagnosis of this type of anemia is the cytomorphological analysis of bone marrow aspirate with a cytochemical reaction to ring sideroblasts.
Aim — to present current methods of cytological and cytochemical diagnosis of sideroblastic anemia.
Main findings. A pathognomonic sign of sideroblastic anemia is the presence of ring sideroblasts in the bone marrow. Ring sideroblasts are considered to be erythrocaryocytes with granules of intramitochondrial iron located around the nucleus. It is only possible to diagnose ring sideroblasts using special cytochemical diagnostics, but this is carried out only in half of the laboratories that diagnose hematological diseases in the Russian Federation. The algorithm of laboratory diagnostics of sideroblastic anemia in the National Medical Research Center for Hematology is presented.
About the Authors
V. N. Dvirnyk
National Medical Research Center for Hematology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Valentina N. Dvirnyk, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory
125167, Moscow
A. V. Kohno
National Medical Research Center for Hematology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Alina V. Kohno, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of department of diagnostics and treatment of hematological diseases
125167, Moscow
A. A. Chulkova
National Medical Research Center for Hematology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anastasia A. Chulkova, Physician, Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory
125167, Moscow
I. N. Naumova
National Medical Research Center for Hematology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irina N. Naumova, Leader of the Hematology and General Clinic Group Central Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory
125167, Moscow
O. V. Lazareva
National Medical Research Center for Hematology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Olga V. Lazareva, Cand. Sci. (Med.), Head of the department of regional and interdepartmental cooperation in the field of “hematology”
125167, Moscow
E. N. Parovichnikova
National Medical Research Center for Hematology
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Elena N. Parovichnikova, Dr. Sci. (Med.), CEO
125167, Moscow
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Review
For citations:
Dvirnyk V.N., Kohno A.V., Chulkova A.A., Naumova I.N., Lazareva O.V., Parovichnikova E.N. Cytological and cytochemical diagnosis of sideroblastic anemia. Russian journal of hematology and transfusiology. 2024;69(1):80-88. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.35754/0234-5730-2024-69-1-80-88
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