THE PLACE OF SPLENECTOMY IN THE TREATMENT OF ACUTE RESPIRATORY FAILURE IN THE PATIENT WITH HAIRY CELL LEUKEMIA

The case report of the patient with hairy cell leukemia. The first manifestation of the disease was acute respiratory failure due to pneumonia. Initially, the clinical improvement was achieved due to splenectomy, which resulted in the increase of the blood granulocytic cells. A specific microbiological diagnosis was not established by thoracoscopy and lung biopsy. However after surgery bronchoalveolar lavage was revealed invasive aspergillosis. Successful treatment with voriconasole was started. BRAF-V600E mutation was searched out. After the clinical improvement the therapy with vemurafenib was started. This treatment helps to avoid further neutropenia and progression of infection complications. The clinical and hematological remission was achieved within 4 months.

1. Sarvaria A., Topp Z., Saven A. Current therapy and new directions in the treatment of hairy cell leukemia: a review. JAMA Oncol. 2015; 2(1): 123–9.

2. Volkova M.A. Hairy cell leukemia. In: Volkova M.A., ed. Clinical oncohematology. Moscow: Medicine; 2007: 819–34. (in Russian)

3. Al-Radi L.S., Samoilova R.S., Tihonova L.Y., Dyagileva O.A., Naumova I.V., Kaplanskaya I.B., et al. Hairy cell leukemia in young payients. Therapy archive. Russian journal (Terapevticheskii arkhiv). 2008; 80(12): 53–8.(in Russian)

4. Kraut E. Infectious complications in hairy cell leukemia. Leuk. Lymphoma. 2011; 52(Suppl. 2): 50–2.

5. Lad D., Malhotraa P., Khadwal A., Prakash G., Suri V., Kumari S., et al. Outcomes of splenectomy versus cladribine for hairy cell leukemia in resource limited settings. Leuk. Lymphoma. 2014; 55(6): 1428–30. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2013.839786.

6. Golde D. Therapy of hairy cell leukemia. N. Engl. J. Med. 1982; 307(8): 495–501.

7. Vedantham S., Gamliel H., Golomb H.M. Mechanism of interferon action in hairy cell leukemia: a model of effective cancer biotherapy. Cancer Res. 1992; 52(5): 1056–66.

8. Bohn J.P., Gastl G., Steurer M. Long-term treatment of hairy cell leukemia with interferon-α: still a viable therapeutic option. Mag. Eur. Med. Oncol. 2016; 9: 63–5.

9. Naik R., Saven A. My treatment approach to hairy cell leukemia. Mayo Clin. Proc. 2012; 87(1): 67–76.

10. Else M., Dearden C., Catovsky D. Long-term follow-up after purine analogue therapy in hairy cell leukaemia. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol. 2015; 28(4): 217–29.

11. Dietrich S., Zenz S.,Tiacci T., Liso E., Piris A., Falini M., et al. BRAF inhibitor therapy in hairy cell leukemia. Best Pract. Res. Clin. Haematol. 2015; 28(4): 246–52.

12. Falini B., Martelli M.P., Tiacci E. BRAF-V600E mutation in hairy cell leukemia: from bench to bedside. Blood. 2016; 128(15): 1918–27.

13. Urnova E.S., Al-Radi L.S., Kuzmina L.A., Karyakina A.A., Kovrigina A.M., Dvirnik V.N., et al. Successful use of vemurafenib in a patient with resistant hairy cell leukemia.Therapy archive, Russian journal (Terapevticheskii arkhiv). 2013; 85(7): 76–78. (in Russian)

14. Yakutik I.A., Al-Radi L.S., Biderman B.V., Nikitin E.A., Sudarikov A.B. Detection of B-RAF V600E mutation in patients with hairy cell leukemia by allele-specific RT-PCR. Hematology and Transfusiology. Russian journal (Gematologiya i transfusiologiya). 2014; 59(2): 16–9. (in Russian)

15. Сornet E., Damaj G., Trousard X. New insights in the management of patients with hairy cell leukemia. Curr. Opin. Oncol. 2015; 27(5): 371–6. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0000000000000214.

16. Kreitman R.J. Hairy cell leukemia – new genes, new targets. Curr. Hematol. Malig. Rep. 2013; 8(3): 184–95.

17. De Pauw B., Walsh T., Donnelly P., Stevens D., Edwards J., Calandra T., et al.; European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) Consensus Group. Revised definitions of invasive fungal disease from the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG) Consensus Group. Clin Infect Dis. 2008; 46(12): 1813–21.

18. Damaj G., Kuhnowski F., Marolleau J.P., Bauters F., Leleu X.,Yakoub-Agha I. Risk factors for severe infection in patients with hairy cell leukemia: a long-term study of 73 patients. Eur. J Haematol. 2009; 83(3): 246–50.

19. Fleming S., Yannakou C., Haeusler G., Clark J., Grigg A., Heath C. et al. Consensus guidelines for antifungal prophylaxis in haematological malignancy and haemopoietic stem cell transplantation, 2014. Intern. Med. J. 2014; 44(12b): 1283–97.

20. White D.A., Wong P.W., Downey R. The utility of open lung biopsy in patients with hematologic malignancies. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. 2000; 161(3, Pt 1):723–9.

21. Galstyan G.M., Glasko E.N., Gorodetsky V.M., Grzhimolovsky A.V., Danishyan K.I., Demidova I.A., et al. Lung biopsy in the diagnosis of causes of lung involvement in hemoblastosis. Therapy archive. Russian journal (Terapevticheskii arkhiv). 2003; 75(10): 57–64 (in Russian).

22. Maurer H., Haas P., Wengenmayer T., Lübbert M., Duyster J., Zeiser R. Successful vemurafenib salvage treatment in a patient with primary refractory hairy cell leukemia and pulmonary aspergillosis. Ann. Hematol. 2014; 93(8): 1439–40.